To generate a sequence of numbers in R, use the seq() method. These are various versions of the seq() function in R. The seq() is a standard general with a default method to generate the sequence of numbers. seq() in R The seq() is a built-in R method that generates the regular sequences. The seq.int() … Read more
Data cleaning is one of the toughest tasks of a data scientist. To accurately analyze the data set, we often remove duplicates based on certain conditions like column values. In this tutorial, we will see how to remove duplicate data based on column values and the different ways to do it efficiently. Remove duplicates in … Read more
R cat() method converts its arguments to character strings, concatenates them, separating them by the given sep= string, and then prints them. cat() in R The cat() is a built-in R function that concatenates and prints the objects. It takes up to six parameters and outputs the objects, concatenating the representations. Syntax cat(… , file = … Read more
Text in R is represented by character vectors. The text often is referred to as a string in computer programming. A character vector is a vector consisting of characters. To assign a value to a character vector, use the <- (left arrow) operator. To find the length of the character vector, use the length() function. … Read more
The pnorm() is a built-in R function that calculates the c. d. f. where X is normal. Optional arguments described on the online documentation specify the parameters of the particular normal distribution. pnorm in R The pnorm() is a built-in R function that returns the value of the cumulative density function (cdf) of the normal … Read more
To represent a string or character vector value in R, you can use one of the following. Single quotation mark( ‘ ‘ ) Double quotation mark( ” ” ) Let’s see how to print double quotes in R. dQuote in R The dQuote() is a built-in R function used to convert the given string or character … Read more
The max() function in R computes the maximum value of a vector. The min() function in R computes the minimum value of a vector. The maximum of the group is also calculated using the max() function. max() in R The max() is a built-in R function that finds the maximum value of the vector or data … Read more
The dnorm() function gives the density. The pnorm() function gives the distribution function. The qnorm() function gives the quantile function. The rnorm() function generates random deviates. dnorm in R The dnorm() is a built-in R function which is the density function of the normal distribution. For a discrete distribution (like the binomial), use the dnorm() … Read more
The fundamental to calculate log in R is by using the log() method in the format of log(value, base) that returns the logarithm of the value in the base. Log in R The log() is a built-in R function that calculates logarithms. It calculates natural logarithms by default. The log10() function calculates common (i.e., base … Read more
In R, a numeric variable is either a number (like 1, 2.1, or -3.14) or one of the four special values: NA, NaN, Inf, or -Inf. The Inf and -Inf are positive and negative `infinity‘, whereas NA means “Not Available” and NaN, which we will learn in this tutorial. NaN in R NaN in R … Read more