If you have a large dataset to analyze, condensing a huge dataset with 30+ columns and thousands of rows will get tough. To solve this problem, you can use the head() or tail() function. It gives you a snapshot of that large dataset. In this tutorial, we will see how to use a tail() function with … Read more
If you have a large dataset to analyze, condensing a vast dataset with 30+ columns and thousands of rows will get tough. To solve this problem, you can use either head() or tail() function. It gives you a snapshot of that large dataset. In this tutorial, we will see how to use a head() function with … Read more
Every language provides some functions that can help you print the data on the console, and R is no different. To print the data on the console in R, use the print() function. print in R The print() is a built-in R function that prints its argument. The print() function accepts three arguments and does … Read more
Logical operators carry out Boolean operations like AND, OR, NOT, etc. The logical operators can operate on raw, logical, and number-like vectors. Moreover, logical operators allow us to change or compare the results. There are various types of operators available in R, and logical is one of them; we will talk about the OR operator. … Read more
Graphs and charts are visual representations of the data. If you are working in the data science field, your goal is to make sense of the large data. The data analysis contains three processes. Data Extraction Cleaning and manipulating the data Create a graph or chart of the gathered data to analyze further. Graphs and … Read more
To get today’s date in R, use the Sys.Date() function. Sys.Date() Output [1] “2021-03-11” To get the current date and time in R, use the date() function. date() Output [1] “Thu Mar 11 16:59:16 2021” Dates can be imported from character, numeric, POSIXlt, and POSIXct formats in R using as.Date() method. as.Date in R The … Read more
Among the various ways to represent data in R, the most commonly used is a table. table in R A table is a built-in R data structure used to represent data using variable names and frequency categorically. The table uses the cross-classifying factors to build a contingency table of the counts at each combination of … Read more
The sapply() function works like lapply(), but it tries to interpret the output to the most fundamental data structure possible, either Vector or Matrix. The sapply() is a “wrapper” function for lapply(). The apply() function is bundled with R essential package if installed with Anaconda. The apply() function returns the vector or array by applying a … Read more
The pnorm() function calculates the c. d. f. where X is normal. Optional arguments described on the online documentation specify the parameters of the particular normal distribution. pnorm in R The pnorm in R is a built-in function that returns the value of the cumulative density function (cdf) of the normal distribution given a certain random … Read more
R does not have a string built-in data type but any value written within a pair of single quotes or double quotes is considered as a string. You can format strings to a specific style using the format() function. R append to string To append a string in R, use the paste() function. The paste() is a … Read more