Insightful Analytics
Krunal Lathiya 
The %in% operator checks whether the element is present. And NOT IN (%!in%) operator does the exact opposite. The %!in% is a custom operator that checks if the elements of one vector are not present in another vector. It returns a logical vector of the same length as the left-hand vector, with TRUE for those … Read more
For understanding the central tendency of your input dataset, you need to calculate the basic summaries like mean, median, and mode. It gives you the data distribution, which tells you whether it is symmetrical or skewed. Mean Mean means the arithmetic average of a number in mathematics. An average is the sum of the total … Read more
Calculating Standard Deviation (SD) by group in a Data Frame essentially means finding the SD of a specific numeric column separately for each unique categorical variable (column) or group. It allows us to see how the data variability differs across the groups. Here are three ways to calculate SD by group: Using dplyr Using data.table … Read more
When we say summarise multiple columns, it means aggregate the input data by applying summary functions (sum, mean, max, etc.) to multiple numeric columns simultaneously. The below image describes visually: If grouping is required, you can group by a specific categorical column and get the statistics for each group. The dplyr package provides the summarise() … Read more
Cumulative sum by group means for each group, we calculate the running sum of values in the specific column that increases with each row within that group. It is the following two-step process: First, divide the data into subgroups based on single or multiple grouping variables (categorical variables). Within each subgroup, calculate the sum of … Read more
The type.convert() is a built-in R function that intelligently converts a vector, factor, or data frame column into the most appropriate data type (integer, numeric, logical, complex, or factor) based on its content. Please note that we don’t need to specify which data type to convert to; this function automatically determines, which is the main … Read more
Finding the minimum value by group means getting the smallest value within each group in our data frame. For example, if I have a column that I defined as a “group” and another column called “value” that contains different numeric values, then I will extract the minimum value from the value column for each distinct … Read more
If you want to find the maximum value within a specific subset of your data, you must find the maximum value within each group. First, group your data based on the values of one or more categorical variables (columns). The second step is identifying the maximum value of a specific numeric variable (numeric column) for … Read more
The dplyr summarise()(or summarize()) function aggregates data into a single summary value for each group or the entire dataset if ungrouped. It collapses multiple rows into a concise statistical summary, such as the mean, sum, and count. Developers often use summarize() with group_by(), which splits the data into groups based on one or more categorical variables (Columns … Read more
Counting conditionally in the data frame means counting the number of rows that meet specific conditions defined by the user. It is the process of determining the number of rows based on certain conditions evaluated to TRUE. You can count several rows conditionally in a data frame using base R functions, dplyr methods, or data.table … Read more
