Insightful Analytics
Krunal Lathiya 
Here are two ways to convert Date to Character in R: Using as.character() Using format() Method 1: Using as.character() dates <- c(“11/20/80”, “11/20/91”, “11/20/1993”, “09/10/93”) dt <- as.Date(dates, “%m/%d/%y”) strDates <- as.character(dt) strDates Output [1] “1980-11-20” “1991-11-20” “2019-11-20” “1993-09-10” Method 2: Using format() If you need to format the date in a specific way during … Read more
Overview Before diving into the as.factor() function, let’s understand categorical data and why it is helpful in statistical analysis. Categorical data is data that is divided into groups and categories that are distinct from each other. For example, colors (red, green, blue), brands (Nike, Puma, Asics), or types of cuisine (Italian, Chinese, Indian) are categories. … Read more
The rnorm() function in R is used to generate a vector of normally distributed random numbers, which are widely used in statistical simulations and data analysis. You can also use the set.seed() function before using rnorm() to ensure that the same set of random numbers is generated again. Visual Representation Syntax rnorm(n, mean, sd) Parameters Name Description … Read more
The Error in nchar(x): ‘nchar()’ requires a character vector occurs when you are trying to use the nchar() function on a non-character object, such as a numeric or logical vector. To fix the error, ensure that the object you are passing to the “nchar()” function is a “character vector”. If the object is not already … Read more
The writeBin() function in R is used to write binary data to a file. It is a low-level function for writing binary data and requires understanding binary formats and data representation. It saves geographic data as a byte file in gzip compressed format (‘.gz’). Unfortunately, it only works with 2D (one-layer) spatial objects. Syntax writeBin(object, con, … Read more
The encodeString() function in R is used to encode character strings in various ways, particularly for ensuring correct alignment and handling of special characters. Syntax encodeString(x, width = 0, quote = “”, na.encode = TRUE, justify = c(“left”, “right”, “centre”, “none”)) Parameters x: It is a character vector or an object coerced to one by … Read more
Data occasionally comes in various formats, including numeric values stored as text (characters) or categories (factors). When preparing the data for further analysis, you must ensure it is in the correct format. To perform numerical operations, you need these in numeric format, and that’s where as.numeric() function comes into play! What is the as.numeric function? … Read more
The dQuote() function in R is used to add double quotes around a string. This function is specifically helpful when you need to present strings in a formatted way, such as in printed output or in constructing messages and plots. Syntax dQuote(x) Parameters x: It is a string or character vector. Return value It returns … Read more
The grepl() function in R is used for pattern matching and searching within strings. It’s a variation of the grep() function, where grepl() returns a logical vector suggesting whether a pattern is found in each element of a character vector. Syntax grepl(pattern, x, ignore.case = FALSE, perl = FALSE, fixed = FALSE, useBytes = FALSE) … Read more
The dirname() function in R is used to extract the path to the directory from a full file path. Essentially, it returns the directory part of a file path, excluding the file name. This function is often used in conjunction with other file-handling functions like basename() (which extracts the file name) and file.path() (for constructing … Read more
