The pnorm() function calculates the c. d. f. where X is normal. Optional arguments described on the online documentation specify the parameters of the particular normal distribution.
pnorm in R
The pnorm in R is a built-in function that returns the value of the cumulative density function (cdf) of the normal distribution given a certain random variable q, and a population mean μ, and the population standard deviation σ.
Syntax
pnorm(q, mean, sd, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE)
Parameters
q: It is a vector of quantiles.
mean: It is a vector of means.
sd: It is a vector of standard deviations.
lower.tail: It is logical; if TRUE (default), probabilities are otherwise.
log, log.p: It is a logical argument.
If mean or sd are not specified, they assume the default values of 0 and 1, respectively.
Example
Find the percentage of males taller than 78 inches in a population with mean = 74 and sd = 2.
pnorm(78, mean = 74, sd = 2, lower.tail = FALSE)
Output
[1] 0.02275013
Find the percentage of otters that weight less than 33 lbs in a population with mean = 40 and sd = 8. Let’s see the following code example.
pnorm(33, mean=40, sd = 8)
Output
[1] 0.190787
The pnorm() function returns the integral from −∞ to q of the pdf of the normal distribution where q is a Z-score. Try to guess the value of pnorm(0).
pnorm(0)
Output
[1] 0.5
The pnorm() function also takes the argument lower.tail. If the lower.tail is set equal to FALSE, then pnorm returns the integral from q to ∞ the pdf of the normal distribution.
Note that pnorm(q) is the same as 1-pnorm(q, lower.tail = FALSE).
pnorm(2)
Output
[1] 0.9772499
That is it for the pnorm() function in R.
See also

Krunal Lathiya is an Information Technology Engineer by education and web developer by profession. He has worked with many back-end platforms, including Node.js, PHP, and Python. In addition, Krunal has excellent knowledge of Data Science and Machine Learning, and he is an expert in R Language. Krunal has written many programming blogs, which showcases his vast expertise in this field.