What is the cbind() Function in R

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The cbind, short for column bind in R, is a function “used to combine specified Vector, Matrix or Data Frame by columns”.

Syntax

cbind(a1, a2, ..., deparse.level = 1)

Parameters

  1. a1, a2: It is a vector, matrix, and data frame.
  2. deparse.level: This value determines how the column names are generated. The default value of the deparse.level is 1.

Example 1: cbind Vector to Data Frame

You can bind a vector to a data frame using the “cbind()” function.

x <- c("a", "b", "c")
y <- c(1, 2, 3)

df <- data.frame(x = x, y = y)

z <- c("d", "e", "f")

df <- cbind(df, z)

print(df)

Output

   x  y  z
1  a  1  d
2  b  2  e
3  c  3  f

Example 2: Combine two data frames using cbind()

To combine two data frames by columns, use the “cbind()” function.

df <- data.frame(c1 = c(1, 2, 3, 4),
 c2 = c(5, 6, 7, 8),
 c3 = c(9, 10, 11, 12))
df

df2 <- data.frame(c4 = c(18, 19, 20, 21),
 c5 = c(29, 46, 47, 37))
df2
cat("After adding another data frame using cbind()", "\n")
newDf <- cbind(df, df2)
newDf

Output

   c1 c2 c3
1  1  5  9
2  2  6  10
3  3  7  11
4  4  8  12
  c4  c5
1 18  29
2 19  46
3 20  47
4 21  37
After adding another data frame using cbind()
   c1 c2 c3 c4 c5
1  1  5  9  18 29
2  2  6 10  19 46
3  3  7 11  20 47
4  4  8 12  21 37

Example 3: cbind Multiple Columns

The cbind() function can also be applied to multiple columns and data objects. For example, define a data frame using three columns, and add two columns to that data frame using the cbind() function.

df <- data.frame(c1 = c(1, 2, 3, 4),
 c2 = c(5, 6, 7, 8),
 c3 = c(9, 10, 11, 12))

c4 <- c(18, 19, 20, 21)
c5 <- c(29, 46, 47, 37)
cat("After adding multiple columns using cbind()", "\n")
newDf <- cbind(df, c4, c5)
newDf

Output

After adding multiple columns using cbind()
   c1 c2 c3 c4 c5
1   1  5  9 18 29
2   2  6 10 19 46
3   3  7 11 20 47
4   4  8 12 21 37

Example 4: Cbind Vectors into a Matrix

To combine vectors into the matrix in R, you can use the “cbind()” function.

a <- c(1, 2, 3)
b <- c(4, 5, 6)

mat <- cbind(a, b)

d <- c(7, 8, 9)

matrx <- cbind(mat, d)

print(matrx)

Output

     a  b  d
[1,] 1  4  7
[2,] 2  5  8
[3,] 3  6  9

That’s all!

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