R Basic

as.double() The as.double() function converts an input R object, such as integers or characters, to double-precision floating-point numbers.  Double-precision numbers provide higher precision than single-precision numbers, making them more efficient in numeric calculations. Syntax as.double(obj, …) Parameters Name Value obj It is an input R object to be converted into a double-precision floating number. … Another … Read more

If you are working with imaginary components, you might want to find whether you are working with complex numbers or not and that’s where the is.complex() function helps you. The is.complex() is a built-in R function that checks whether an input object is of type “complex”. It returns TRUE if it is complex and FALSE … Read more

R does not have a “string” data type like other languages, but it does have a “character” type.  Whether you want to identify character columns, text processing, or data validation, you must check whether the object is a character or not before operating on it. That’s where you need a function that does identification. is.character() … Read more

A vector is a data structure that stores multiple values of the same type.  The is.vector() function does not merely check whether an R object is a vector. Instead, it checks whether an input object is a vector with no attributes other than names. Syntax is.vector(obj, mode) Parameters Name Value obj It is an input … Read more

Overview Whether working on a small program or project, if a function receives a “NULL” value when it is not expected, it can lead to an error or unexpected results. To avoid this type of unexpected error, we have to put a mechanism in place that checks whether the input is “NULL” or not. This … Read more

To convert a list to a numeric value in R, you can combine the unlist() function and the as.numeric() function. The “unlist()” function produces a vector that contains all the atomic components and the as.numeric() function returns a numeric value or converts any value to a numeric value. Syntax as.numeric(unlist(data)) Parameters data: It is the data … Read more

To convert a double or float to an integer, you can use the “as.integer()” function. Syntax as.integer(x) Parameters x: It is the object. Return value It returns an integer object. Visual representation Example 1: Converting a float to an integer r_float <- 11.21 print(r_float) print(typeof(r_float)) r_int <- as.integer(r_float) print(r_int) print(typeof(r_int)) Output [1] 11.21 [1] “double” … Read more

The month.abb is a built-in R constant, a three-letter abbreviation for the English month names. Example 1: Basic usage month.abb Output [1] “Jan” “Feb” “Mar” “Apr” “May” “Jun” “Jul” “Aug” “Sep” “Oct” “Nov” “Dec” Example 2: Changing abbreviations to numerical month values If you have a vector of integers consisting of the number of the month, then … Read more

Pi is a built-in R constant whose value is 3.141593. Pi is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Syntax pi Visual representation Basic usage print(pi) Output [1] 3.141593 Exponential value of pi To calculate the exponential value of pi, use the exp() function. exp(pi) Output [1] 23.14069 Cos value of … Read more