Calculating Absolute Value using abs() Function in R

R abs() Function

The abs() function calculates the absolute value of a numeric input, returning a non-negative (only positive) value by removing any sign. Usage of absolute value is high in fields like mathematical computations (mean absolute errors), statistical analysis, and data cleaning in ML tasks. Syntax abs(input) Parameters Argument Description input It defines the input object. It … Read more

How to Check Data type of a Variable in R

Checking the data type of a variable in R

When it comes to checking the data type of a variable, it depends on what specific thing you are looking for in a variable, because you have many options to choose from. Each option tells you a different but important story. There are four main core functions to check data types in R: typeof(): It … Read more

What is grepl() Function in R

grepl() function in R

The grepl() function (stands for “grep logical”) in R searches for patterns within each element of a character vector. It returns a logical vector of the same length as input, where each value is either TRUE or FALSE. If the pattern matches that specific element, it returns TRUE. Otherwise, it returns FALSE. The above figure … Read more

R head() and tail() Functions

head() and tail() in R

For data exploration, quickly inspecting the data, verifying the structure, or debugging large datasets, we need some kind of tool that helps prevent excessive data flooding in the console. That’s where head() and tail() generic functions come into play. head() function The head() function displays the first n parts of the vector, matrix, table, or … Read more

Detailed Guide on %in% Operator in R

IN operator in R

The %in% operator checks if elements of one vector are present in another vector. It returns a logical vector of the same length as the left-side argument. Each element in the output is either TRUE or FALSE, depending on the value matching. If the value matches, it returns TRUE; otherwise, it returns FALSE. If you apply … Read more

NOT IN (%!in%) Operator in R

NOT IN operator in R

The %in% operator checks whether the element is present. And NOT IN (%!in%) operator does the exact opposite. The %!in% is a custom operator that checks if the elements of one vector are not present in another vector. It returns a logical vector of the same length as the left-hand vector, with TRUE for those … Read more

Calculating Mean, Median, and Mode in R

Calculating Mean, Mode, and Median in R

For understanding the central tendency of your input dataset, you need to calculate the basic summaries like mean, median, and mode. It gives you the data distribution, which tells you whether it is symmetrical or skewed. Mean Mean means the arithmetic average of a number in mathematics. An average is the sum of the total … Read more

R type.convert() Function: Complete Guide

R type.convert() Function

The type.convert() is a built-in R function that intelligently converts a vector, factor, or data frame column into the most appropriate data type (integer, numeric, logical, complex, or factor) based on its content. Please note that we don’t need to specify which data type to convert to; this function automatically determines, which is the main … Read more

How to Create an Empty Vector and Append Values in R

Creating an Empty Vector and Append Values in R

R vectors are atomic, meaning they contain homogeneous data types. They are contiguous in memory. Here are some of the best approaches for vector initialization and appending values in the future: Using type-specific functions The most efficient and quickest way to create an empty vector is to use type-specific functions like numeric(0), which will return … Read more

How to Create a Data Frame from Vectors in R

Creation of Data Frame from vectors

To create a data frame from vectors in R, use the data.frame() function and pass the vectors. Ensure you have the same length of all the vectors; otherwise, it throws an error. The above figure shows five vectors. Each vector has its own type and the same length, which is five. After converting vectors to … Read more