What is the tanh() Function in R

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The tanh() function in R “calculates the number’s hyperbolic tangent in radians”. It takes a numerical value, vector, or array and returns the hyperbolic tangent.

Syntax

tanh(num)

Parameters

num: It is a numeric value.

Return value

It returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number (in radians).

Example 1: How to use the tanh() function in R

tanh(1)

Output

[1] 0.7615942

If you pass the 0 to the tanh() function, it will return 0.

tanh(0)

Output

[1] 0

Example 2: Using the tanh() function to a Vector

To create a Vector in R, use the c() function. Then pass that vector to the tanh() function.

rv <- c(-1, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 1)
tanh(rv)

Output

[1] -0.7615942 0.4621172 0.0000000 0.4621172 0.7615942

Example 3: Passing a pi, positive, and negative number

The pi is a built-in constant in R; its value is 3.141593.

data_one <- tanh(0.9)
print(paste0("tanh(0.9): ", data_one, " radians"))

data_two <- tanh(-0.75)
print(paste0("tanh(-0.75): ", data_two, " radians"))

data_three <- tanh(0.45) * (180.0 / pi)
print(paste0("tanh(0.45): ", data_three, " degrees"))

Output

[1] "tanh(0.9): 0.716297870199024 radians"
[1] "tanh(-0.75): -0.635148952387287 radians"
[1] "tanh(0.45): 24.1730323815932 degrees"

Plot the tanh() function to a graph

We can use the seq() function to create a series of values and pass that to the plot() function, creating a line chart.

dt <- seq(-1, 1, by = 0.05)
plot(dt, tanh(dt), typ = "l", col = "red")
abline(v = 0, lty = 6, col = "blue")

Output

Plot the tanh() function to a graph

That is it for the tanh() function in R.

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